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Chapter -Marketing Management

Class XII

Topic :Objections to advertising

Check this ppt and I am sure this topic will be clear

objections advertising.ppt - 4shared.com - online file sharing and storage - download: objections advertising.ppt

Do not fear exam

Exam has always been a scary word for most of the students. Actually it is not that scary if we handle it smartly. Here are some of the tips to tame Exam monster .

Tips for Exam preparation:

Make a schedule for your study: Scheduled study is always better than last minute study. You get more time to understand the fundamentals and also can study without any pressure. Scheduled study gives higher output.

Take short breaks: First read for an hour than go for a short break. In this breaking time you can talk to your family members about some interesting things. You can even watch TV for that break and watch only those program that you like most. It will give a new power and freshness in your mind.

Try to study in the morning time: Morning time is the best time to study as environment is calm and mind is fresh in the morning. It means you can grasp easily whatever you read. And don’t try to study for late night.

Make notes: Notes are your best friend during exams. They are handy. Books have tons of information which you may not need one day before exams. At that time, notes are your best friend. Always prepare good notes in your own language.

Revise regularly: There is no point of studying if you don’t remember it. Our memory fades away gradually. Without proper revision we will not be able to retain things in our mind. Revision plays a cardinal role in getting good marks.

Improve handwriting: Though it may sound funny but it really helps to get good marks. Your answer is waste if it is not understood by your teacher. Better handwriting ensures that your teacher is impressed with the answer. For essay type subjective answers, you can expect more marks if your handwriting is good.

Good language: Always use simple words to express yourself. Make sure that you are grammatically sound & write simple, grammatically correct English. Having a good vocabulary is of course an advantage.

Rely on professors/teachers notes: Most of the questions you get in the exam come from professor/teachers notes. Attend class regularly and take notes. These notes are helpful to get good marks.

Last year papers: Last year papers are good way to know the pattern of questions. Also many times questions are repeated from last year paper. Solve all the question of last year paper.

Avoid procrastination: Procrastination is your biggest enemy. Beware of  procrastination. Don’t delay your preparation. Today is the best date to start. Don’t wait

Tips for the Exam day:

1. Make sure that you scan through your notes a day before exam.
2. Never read a new topic on exam day.
3. Be confident and relaxed.
4. Sleep well the night before the exam.
5. Arrive early at the test center with at least two forms of identification.
6. Make sure that you have pen, pencil, eraser and other stationery required.
7. Take a deep breath and concentrate for five minutes before exam starts
8. Eat chocolate or drink glucose before exam as it increases energy level in your body and thus your mind works faster.
9. If you need a quick drink of water or a visit to the restroom, take time before the exam, because once started the exam will not be paused for these needs

Trust your preparation and give your best.

Class 12 Business Studies (answers to NCERT questions)

Class 12 Business Studies

Ch-9 Business finance

Answers to NCERT Questions

Short ans type (Page 265)

Q7 Discuss about working capital affecting both liquidity as well as profitability of a business

Ans

 Working capital is excess of current assets over current liabilities.

More  Investment in current assets helps in increasing the liquidity of business as compare to Fixed assets as these are converted in to cash  or cash equivalents  very quickly

Insufficient  Investment in current assets make it more difficult for organisation to meet its payment obligations(decreases Liquidity)

But current assets provide little or no returns  (they contribute less to profit)as compare to fixed assets

Conclusion: Balance need to be struck between liquidity and profitability as more working capital increases  liquidity  but  decreases profitability

Long Answer Questions

Q2 Capital Structure decision is essentially optimisation of risk-return relationship.Comment

Ans

Capital structure policy involves a trade-off between risk and return.

·         Using more debt raises the riskiness of the firms because payment of  interest and return of principal amount is obligatory for business. Any default in meeting these commitments may force business to go in to liquidation

·         But a higher propor-tion of debt generally leads to a higher expected rate of return for equity shareholders as EPS increases because of Tading on Equity

·          We know that if debt is increased beyond a point , the higher risk associated with greater debt tends to lower the share price .

Therefore, the optimal capital structure is the one that strikes a balance between risk and return to achieve our ultimate goal of maximizing the price of the equity shares(Wealth maximisation)

PLAN TO PERFORM.... Journey of thousand miles begin with a single step.

 

Few weeks before the Examinations

§ Prepare a study plan by combining favorite and not so favorite subjects in the study plan of a day.

§  Try and complete two Model Question Examinations (each subject) in this time.

§  Have fixed time of sleep and relaxation (including T.V. time).

§ Meditate and give autosuggestions every day - to be clam in the examination situation.

§ Discuss with one's parent or sibling or friend regarding examination preparation from time to time.

Few days before the examinations

Do's

n Prepare a revision time table.

n Make your books, notes and essays more user friendly

with summary notes, headings, subheadings, highlighting

and revision cards.

n Find out what way of revising suits you- alone or with a

friend, morning or late at night, short, sharp bursts or

longer revision sessions.

n Take notes of important points when revising as an aid

for future revision. Look at past examination paper and try

answering some of the questions.

n If you feel stressed out, talk to someone you feel

comfortable to.

Don'ts

n Collect new notes and materials from friends, read and learn

them till the last minute without time for revision.

n Sit for long hours continuously to read by not taking breaks for

bath, food, relaxation and sleep. It makes you feel more tired, reduces

concentration and makes studying boring and anxiety producing. Or

keep awake whole night and reading for few days before the

examinations.

n Excessive use of Coffee or Tea to keep awake the

whole night.

n Give up studying totally.

n Spending time to trace the .question papers. or teachers who are

probably involved in paper setting.

It will take just 37 seconds to read this and change your thinking.

Two men, both seriously ill, occupied the same hospital room.
One man was allowed to sit up in his bed for an hour each afternoon to help drain the fluid from his lungs.
His bed was next to the room ' s only window.
The other man had to spend all his time flat on his back.
The men talked for hours on end.
They spoke of their wives and families, their homes, their jobs, their involvement in the military service, where they had been on vacation.
?
Every afternoon, when the man in the bed by the window could sit up, he would pass the time by describing to his roommate all the things he could see outside the window.

The man in the other bed began to live for those one hour periods where his world would be broadened and enlivened by all the activity and color of the world outside.

The window overlooked a park with a lovely lake.
Ducks and swans played on the water while children sailed their model boats.. Young lovers walked arm in arm amidst flowers of every color and a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance.

As the man by the window described all this in exquisite details, the man on the other side of the room would close his eyes and imagine this picturesque scene.

One warm afternoon, the man by the window described a parade passing by.

Although the other man could not hear the band - he could see it in his mind ' s eye as the gentleman by the window portrayed it with descriptive words.

Days, weeks and months passed.

One morning, the day nurse arrived to bring water for their baths only to find the lifeless body of the man by the window, who had died peacefully in his sleep..
She was saddened and called the hospital attendants to take the body away.

As soon as it seemed appropriate, the other man asked if he could be moved next to the window. The nurse was happy to make the switch, and after making sure he was comfortable, she left him alone.

Slowly, painfully, he propped himself up on one elbow to take his first look at the real world outside.
He strained to slowly turn to look out the window besides the bed.
It faced a blank wall.
The man asked the nurse what could have compelled his deceased roommate who had described such wonderful things outside this window..

The nurse responded that the man was blind and could not even see the wall.

She said, "Perhaps he just wanted to encourage you."





Epilogue:
There is tremendous happiness in making others happy, despite our own situations.

Shared grief is half the sorrow, but happiness when shared, is doubled.

If you want to feel rich, just count all the things you have that money can ' t buy.

"Today is a gift, that is why it is called The Present ."

Life Lessons from a baby Giraffe.....

 
BABY giraffes never go to school. But they learn a very important lesson rather early in life. A lesson that all of us would do well to remember.
 
The birth of a baby giraffe is quite an earth-shaking event.  The baby falls from its mother’s womb, some eight feet above the ground. It shrivels up and lies still, too weak to move.
 
The mother giraffe lovingly lowers her neck to smooch the baby giraffe. And then something incredible happens.
 
She lifts her long leg and kicks the baby giraffe, sending it flying up in the air and tumbling down on the ground. As the baby lies curled up, the mother kicks the baby again. And again. Until the baby giraffe, still trembling and tired, pushes its limbs and for the first time learns to stand on its feet.
 
Happy to see the baby standing on its own feet, the mother giraffe comes over and gives it yet another kick. The baby giraffe falls one more time, but now quickly recovers and stands up. Mama Giraffe is delighted.
 
She knows that her baby has learnt an important lesson:  Never mind how hard you fall, always remember to pick yourself up and get back on your feet.
 
Why does the mother giraffe do this? She knows that lions and leopards love giraffe meat. So unless the baby giraffe quickly learns to stand and run with the pack – it will have no chance of survival. Most of us though are not quite as lucky as baby giraffes. No one teaches us to stand up every time we fall. When we fail, when we are down, we just give up. No one kicks us out of our comfort zone to remind us that to survive and succeed, we need to learn to get back on our feet.
 
If you study the lives of successful people though, you will see a recurring pattern. Were they always successful in all they did? No. Did success come to them quick and easy? No, no!  You will find that the common streak running through their lives is their ability to stand up every time they fall. The ability of the baby giraffe!
 
Learning to win in life is quite like learning to ride a bicycle. As you start to ride, you might fall and get bruised. It doesn’t matter. You need to get back up and continue to ride. Fall one more time?  Get back up again. That’s all it takes. Learn to get back up every time you fall.
 
And just remember one more thing. Next time you find a friend or a parent kicking you, don’t get upset with them. Like the mother giraffe, they may only be trying to teach you one of life’s most important lessons.

It doesn’t matter how many times you fall. What matters is your ability to pick yourself up and stand on your feet once again.

STUDY TIPS

STUDY TIPS

1.     Try not to do too much studying at one time.
If you try to do too much studying at one time, you will tire and your studying will not be very effective. Space the work you have to do over shorter periods of time. Taking short breaks will restore your mental energy.

2.     Plan specific times for studying.
Study time is any time you are doing something related to schoolwork. It can be completing assigned reading, working on a paper or project, or studying for a test. Schedule specific times throughout the week for your study time.

3.     Try to study at the same times each day.
Studying at the same times each day establishes a routine that becomes a regular part of your life, just like sleeping and eating. When a scheduled study time comes up during the day, you will be mentally prepared to begin studying.

4.     Set specific goals for their study times.
Goals will help you stay focused and monitor your progress. Simply sitting down to study has little value. You must be very clear about what you want to accomplish during your study times.

5.     Start studying when planned.
You may delay starting your studying because you don't like an assignment or think it is too hard. A delay in studying is called "procrastination." If you procrastinate for any reason, you will find it difficult to get everything done when you need to. You may rush to make up the time you wasted getting started, resulting in careless work and errors.

6.     Work on the assignment they find most difficult first.
Your most difficult assignment will require the most effort. Start with your most difficult assignment since this is when you have the most mental energy.

7.     Review their notes before beginning an assignment.
Reviewing your notes can help you make sure you are doing an assignment correctly. Also, your notes may include information that will help you complete an assignment.

8.     Tell their friends not to call them during their study times.
Two study problems can occur if your friends call you during your study times. First, your work is interrupted. It is not that easy to get back to what you were doing. Second, your friends may talk about things that will distract you from what you need to do. Here's a simple idea - turn off your cell phone during your study times.

9.     Call another student when they have difficulty with an assignment.
This is a case where "two heads may be better than one."